Oriental traditions of landscape culture

Oriental traditions of landscape culture are represented by Japanese and Chinese gardens. They contain not just the idea of the author-creator, but a special worldview, philosophy. In contrast to the European regular gardens and parks, an irregular method of arranging gardens and whole compositions was used in the East. Oriental gardens are being built on the principle of a natural landscape, constantly being renewed and reborn, like nature itself.

Traditional Japanese philosophy has undoubtedly found its reflection in the art of landscape design as well. All elements of the landscape project are endowed with a certain meaning and have a kind of symbolism. As experts say, the Japanese garden is an image, it is a symbol. Moreover, the size of the garden and other parameters do not play a significant role. In the Japanese garden you will find brightly marked allegories and metaphors in the form of a large stone symbolizing mountains, light gravel signifying the sea, smaller stones that represent a kind of waterfall. The asymmetry of natural elements is the basis of this complex philosophically meaningful park. A lot of colors, a lot of images, a lot of reasons to think. A garden is a picture where plantings are colors that change their shades according to the seasons of the year.

Logically, the garden can be divided into parts: the main part, densely planted with all kinds of vegetation, and an additional part - more free, in contrast to the main one. This designation of the parts is achieved by using stones of different sizes. Such an intricate division of space, even in a small area, creates a feeling of emptiness and freedom. A traditional element of a Japanese garden is a garden made of stones. To aggravate the spatial sensation, consonance with nature and garden decoration, additional lighting is often used.

The Chinese garden is distinguished by its traditions and features of pruning trees, and in comparison with the Japanese style, it is less ascetic. It is distinguished by a riot of colors, a variety of natural textures, complex pruning of trees, and the shape of the latter has been formed for several years.

Tuscan garden compositions embody ancient Roman landscape motifs, the culture of the Moors with Arabic elements, European charm and detailing of ancient Oriental gardens. Thus, the original Italian style in landscape design was formed, which took its rightful place among the modern trends of landscape art. It is characterized by some roughness and carelessness of the decor, the use of raw stone with elements of Roman decorations on the facades of buildings, including ornamental tiles, which is an element of Moorish influence on the modern style of landscape design. Most often, terraces and facades are subject to decoration, and therefore, this style is also called terraced.

According to the internal stylistics, the Tuscan style has a pronounced landscape format, focusing on the naturalness and splendor of nature. Antique or artificially aged decorative elements are often used to decorate gardens. The so-called natural primitiveness of the style is characteristic.

The philosophy of the Japanese garden style and the romance of Tuscan garden compositions